Greece does not suffer from “isolated scandals.” It lives inside a permanent system where corruption, party power and state structures are tightly welded together. This page follows that system across four decades, using six emblematic cases as milestones: the Koskotas scandal of the 1980s, the Siemens network of bribes, the Lagarde list of protected tax evasion, the Novartis pharmaceutical affair, the OPEKEPE fraud in agricultural subsidies, and finally the deeper structural problems of governance that allow all of them to exist.​​